The Maremma estuaries
Good waters, bad management: a concise guide to avoid surprises.
by M. Sammicheli

The sand flat of the Puntone hot water channel

The Maremma coast of southern Tuscany, in north western Italy, have a nice choice of fishing spots for fly anglers. Most place are never been fished with flies but the fishing conditions are relatively uniform in the area.
Sandy beaches and rocky coasts are mixed with small estuaries that can have good fishing.
Estuaries are among the best places for fly fishing but, unfortunately, most of them are subject to some fishing prohibition. Few people knows where and when they can fish and often honest anglers are fined.
Many local anglers go fishing in some restricted area and the guards come only seldom. There is a silent war between local anglers and local fisheries managers. As often happens, the reason is at mid way.
Nevertheless most prohibitions are simply too stupid to let you hope you could bring some proposal to managers who want to hear them. They simply consider two scenarios:

a) everybody go fishing with their full arsenal and kill everything
b) nobody go fishing in no way

Nothing else could be possible.
Too stupid to be discussed further.
We only hope things will begin to change quickly.
However with some attention and some information you can find good fishing.
Not constant, so you need some luck to find good fishing conditions.

Estuaries are small but often have nice sand bars and tidal currents.
The main game fishes are bass (year long) turbot (winter) bluefish (spring to fall) leerfish (spring to fall).
Try to fish there with sea flat calm and outgoing tide but fish in whatever conditions you find, both day and night because there is a lot to be explored and few predictable things



As you see in the map, from south to north you find the Tagliata Etrusca near Ansedonia, the channels that drains the Orbetello lagoon, the Albegna river, the Osa river, the Ombrone river, the Bruna river, the Alma river, the Pecora river, the Puntone hot channel, the Perelli hot release, the Cornia river and the small Piombino lagoon estuary.
Note that the Ombrone and the Albegna are small rivers and the others are very small.
Almost all the estuaries have total or partial fishing prohibition. Regulations without any fishery management. Obviously the results of such bad management are very scarce.
Local small scale commercial fishermen fish with nets right in front of all the estuaries but restrictions are...restricted to recreative anglers.

The red points are fishing prohibitions in the estuaries
Some local angler would damage the fishery if they can go fishing in the red areas but absolutely fly and spin fishing could only add a great value to the fishery resources without any impact.
If most fishing concentrate around estuaries, also harbor areas are good for fishing. The best spots usually are along and at the end af the jetties. Fishing the long beaches can be more frustrating because finding fish can be really difficult.

Here is a small Maremma coast estuaries guide to know basic things that are almost impossible to find anywhere else.
Tagliata Etrusca near Ansedonia - water release from an inland saltwater fish farm; sometimes bass feed on the current; you are at the and of the beach and fish the release from rocks; dangerous with surf; often not productive; seldom wave action bring some bass on the last rocks and the first beach section; in the good strectch of the channel, on the other side of the road, fishing is forbidden.
Ansedonia channel: fishing prohibition in the whole channel from the Orbetello lagoon to the sea and in a 200 m range from the mouth; strong tidal currents; very good for bass and for scads just outside the mouth. There is a reticulate on the rocky beach but is easy to pass and anglers often fish there at night; high risk of controls because is very near to the Ansedonia town. Fishing can be good at the shore bend near the parking where the Feniglia beach start. Surf often brings a lot of sea weeds.
S.Liberata channel : fishing prohibition in the whole channel from the Orbetello lagoon to the sea and in a 200 m range from the mouth; strong tidal currents of saltwater from the Orbetello lagoon; the channel is very good for bass; some anglers fish at night but the danger of control is high because the area is very easy to be seen from the main road

Fishing-fordidden signals at the Ombrone
river estuary
Albegna estuary:
fishing prohibition in the last river stretch but the river mouth can be fished also in the inner side; small but not too small river; a hundred meter before the river mouth the Albegna receive the waters of the third channel that drains the Orbetello lagoon; fishing is not constant but can be good for bass, bluefish, small leerfish and winter turbots; a good destination with southern winds because of the Argentario protection.
In the river above the short closed stretch you can fish with a license from FIPSAS (Italian sportfishing federation) that is easy to find in local fishing shops.
There you can find some good fishing at times but FIPSAS take care only of the license: zero management
Osa estuary:
very small river; can be good for bass.
The mouth have a sandy beach in the southern side and rocks on the north side.
Ombrone estuary.
the very best. Very good for bass, bluefish, leerfish, turbot.
Fishing is forbidden inside the mouth; be careful and look at the signals; controls are very frequent and because you are in a Park the risk is very high; don't try to fish inside.
The border to be respected is the virtrual line that join the signals on the opposite banks. Best fishing occurs wading the sand bars with calm sea.
South shore(Alberese): you can reach the sea only in the day; guards open a gate at dawn and close it at dusk (nobody can stay in) and there is a 20 minutes walking from the parking to the river mouth; in the summer if you enter at dawn you will need to buy a cheap ticket at the parking (when you exit) to exit the automatic gate; if you want to enter later in the day you need to buy the ticket in Alberese to pass the gate. Normally you find few anglers and often sandbars are better and there is better beach fishing around the estuary.
North shore (Principina): some local anglers have a license to enter in the day hours with a car in a private farm road to reach the shore. You can go walking from Principina parking without hours limitations but it's not a short walk: going fast you need 45 minutes but it's very nice and enjoyable; very beautiful beach.

This is the place to find one of the best examples of stupidity in fishery management; inside the river there is a sport fishing area where is prohibited to fish with artificial lures and flies! Also with live fish: only dead fish and worms. This way instead of some large bass and bluefish a lot of very small bass are hooked and even if released they die for the deep hooking. Is very common to wade the bars without finding a single fish and then go taking a look at the narrowest section of the mouth, few meters inside the forbidden zone, and to find hot surface action of bass, also large ones. This could be a terrific fly only area if the Park would have a wise management. The Park is managed by expert biologists, environmentalist, scientist....politics. Be careful with the signals but if the sea is calm this is the place to go.

Bruna estuary: the Castiglione della Pescaia harbor is built in the Bruna river estuary; it can be very good for bluefish and bass; bass chasing at the mouth are not common: most of them are in the main channel; the mouth is very good for bluefish, mostly small but occasionally also large; in the summer the point on the south side is crowded by anglers; fishing is forbidden in the last 50 meters of this side: this is only for boating ease and at dawn there is no control; bass, bluefish and leerfish enter the river and hunt for mullets in the stretch on the other side of the bridge.
Alma estuary: very small channel with tidal water; at the mouth is easy to find anglers but it's not very productive; inside the channel is easy to see bass very difficult to catch because they escape when anglers approach the very shallow water; many mullets; can be good in the fall for small leerfish.

Right outside the Ombrone estuary
The black line in the middle is a breaking bass.
Pecora estuary: small channel-harbor now interested by big works to build the new harbor; often good for bass but better inside the channel, on the other side of the main road: fish there at dusk with high tide. The jetties of the new harbor can be very good for bluefish both at dawn, dusk and at noon too.
Puntone hot channel: hot salt water discharge channel from a plant; fishing is forbidden on the other side of the road: some anglers go there and can be very good for bass and small leerfish; the mouth release a hot current over a 50 meters wide sand flat that go until the Puntone harbor (Pecora estuary) and down to Follonica town; best fishing is concentrated near the channel mouth; most time around the mouth the water is filled with mullets; very good in summer and fall (best from mid august to mid october) for small leerfish and palometa (derbio) that can be very abundant and funny to de fished with light tackle.
Perelli hot release: strong release of very hot water from a plant. There is only a small fishing position over rocks and fishing is forbidden but anglers go at risk of controls. Often very good for leerfish and bluefish, especially in late fall.
Cornia estuary: the mouth have shallow water but inside the mouth you can find bass.
Piombino lagoon estuary: fishing is forbidden and the risk of controls is high: can be good for bass but nothing worth the risk.
Remember that to fish inside estuaries where there is not prohibitions you need the Italy's national fishing licence. To get one you must go to a municipality office and pay a cheap fee.
The other thing you must consider is that officially, fishing from sea shore is forbidden in the summer from 8 am to 8 pm. This rule is for bathers security: a single law for a quick but not so wise decision. The only places to fish without problems in the day are around estuaries where bathing is forbidden. The beaches near to the Ombrone river estuary are very good also for this. The water is not so polluted as the prohibition could let you think: most time there is no difference with the places full of happy people in the water.

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